EK359
The effective length is the distance between points on the buckled column where the moment goes to zero, i.e., where the column is effectively pinned.
EK227
The theoretical effective length is expressed as a proportion of the actual length and is the distance between real or theoretical pins (i.e. points of contraflexure).
EK226
The buckling theory is based on the assumption that the ends of the column are pinned, that is, frictionless joints which prevent linear movement but which can rotate freely about […]
EK204
The effective length of a column is controlled by its end fixity. By effective length we mean that length of the column which is subjected to lateral buckling.