EK674
With sufficient concrete cover, a multi-axial stress state develops in the concrete surrounding the reinforcing bar at both sides of the cracked interface. After increasing interface displacement, the concrete plasticizes […]
EK670
An additional compressive stress acting perpendicular to the interface activates the load bearing mechanism of friction. After adhesive bond is exceeded and cracks develop along the interface, the compressive stress […]
EK541
Passive confinement is engaged only after crack deformations in the concrete ring develop that induce tension forces in the surrounding steel. The surrounding steel restricts the propagation and widening of […]