EK564
As loading increases, extensive microcracking intersects primary and secondary cracks and may create cracked zone. Eventually, transfer of a tensile concrete force to the steel becomes ineffective.
EK562
At initial stages of loading, chemical adhesion at the concrete-steel interface assists force transfer from concrete to steel, and vice versa.
EK561
Tension stiffening is only effective if a bond mechanism can transfer a tensile force between the steel and surrounding tensile concrete. The nature of the bond mechanism also changes at […]
EK257
Creep increases with an increase in the rate of loading when followed by prolonged loading.
EK131
High-cycle fatigue is only a design consideration when a large number of loading cycles involving tensile stresses is likely to occur during the design life of the structure.
EK94
There are two main assumptions for first order plastic analysis: The structure is made of ductile material that can undergo large deformations beyond the elastic limit without fracture or buckling. […]