EK391
In general a plain or slab base is used for pinned conditions or when there is very little tension between the plate and the concrete.
EK359
The effective length is the distance between points on the buckled column where the moment goes to zero, i.e., where the column is effectively pinned.
EK226
The buckling theory is based on the assumption that the ends of the column are pinned, that is, frictionless joints which prevent linear movement but which can rotate freely about […]
EK173
A joint which cannot be classified as either nominally pinned or full strength is classified as partial strength.
EK172
A joint may be classified as nominally pinned if its design moment resistance is not greater than 0,25 times that required for a full strength joint, provided it has sufficient […]